在福州火车站，我刚坐上出租车。我突然发现我的一个行李相不见了，这时候我看见一个30岁左右的青年拿着我的巷子走开了，他打开箱子拉链，把值钱的东西拿出来了。“住手，小偷，住手！”我一边喊，一边推开车门冲向那个人，后面还跟着我的出租车司机和一些路过的人。很快，小偷被围到了路拐角，我的司机掐着小偷的脖子，从小偷的裤兜里把现金，信用卡，电话本等东邪翻了出来，并且放回了我的行李箱。
半小时后车子全速行驶在高速公路上，我坐在车上松了口气，但是当我从行李箱中拿出当时被偷的东西查看时，我惊呆了，在我眼前的现金是200元，而不是原来的100元；而且我还发现了一张58岁的女人的血液化验报告。我恍然大悟，出租车司机一定是误把小偷的东西放到了我的行李箱里了。那个可怜的小伙的悲惨的无助的表情在我的脑海中一闪而过，我的心情变得沉重。
现在据此事发生的时候已经两年了，但是这一幕一直出现在我脑海中，有时候比真实的生活更生动。那个年轻人是个惯犯吗？抑或是他是一个孝子，为了有钱挽救母亲的生命甘愿铤而走险？我为他感到痛心。我多希望那个夏天的下午，我回到了年轻人那里，把100元钱还给他，然后跟他说声对不起。我的人生中，我第一次认识到原来恨与爱是如此的接近。
环锤式碎煤机的振动与备件国产化
浙江北仑发电厂 石志文
环锤式碎煤机的结构见图1，主要由机腔和转子2大部分组成，套在悬置杆上的4排环锤担任破碎任务。其转子结构运行时容易产生较大的振动，最大程度地减轻振动是碎煤机调试维护的关键内容。碎煤机的机腔由反击板、栅板、护板构成。栅
板、反击板以及环锤本身是主要的易磨损耗件。如何合理维护并国产化备品备件是一个重要课题。
1 碎煤机振动的原因分析及对策碎煤机的振动可能来自以下方面：
(1)基础问题预埋螺栓的深度与牢固度以及垫板是否水平对抗振非常重要，一些剧烈的振动很可能来自基础的松动。
(2)轴承问题轴承损坏、游隙增大、轴承座螺栓的松动会导致转子振动加剧，应定期检查轴承运行情况、测量游隙。
(3)环锤碎裂会因异物及失去动平衡而出现剧烈振动与噪声，在短时间内损伤其他部件，更换环锤时须仔细称重、编排、保持动平衡。
(4)悬置杆重量也需要保持动平衡，在某些时候它也是振动的原因。
(5)栅板与环锤间隙的大小直接影响出料粒 2003(9)度，其间隙不能太小，可以通过调整架子来调整，调整时，只要最大粒度不超过制粉系统要求即可。
(6)联轴器应保持良好的润滑，其中心偏差须控制在允许的范围内。
(7)每台碎煤机应以合理的转速运行。
(8)注意与碎煤机相连的其他结构件是否引起共振。
(9)大功率碎煤机对栅板的磨损也很敏感。
(1o)实践表明，入口的煤流对碎煤机振动的影响较大，生产能力较大的碎煤机一般横向跨度较大，并宽于带式输送机落煤筒。跨度大，栅板刚性也差。一般在碎煤机入口来煤都会集中到碎煤机栅板的中间，引起振动。针对这种情况，我们在碎煤机入口处焊装高度约150 Hm 的梳形分流板，上密下疏，对减轻振动起到了很好的效果。
2 主要备品备件的国产化碎煤机的备品备件主要是环锤、栅板等磨损件，其用量大，从美国进口费用昂贵，为了降低成本，缩短采购周期，我们与制造厂合作对环锤与栅板进行了国产化。
2．1 碎煤机环锤的国产化美国进口的环锤，材料大多为45钢锻材，经调查，国内环锤用此材料淬火后淬透性及淬硬性都不够理想。碎煤机环锤工况恶劣，要抗冲击、耐磨、不能有裂纹。我们选用了高碳合金钢60Si2Mn(也是一种弹簧钢)，主要是因为其抗冲击性好，有较好的淬透性与淬硬性，淬火后硬度达HRC38—
42，其疲劳强度及耐磨性都较好。实际制作时，要求对原材料的检验、热处理、最后探伤检验几个重要环节都进行有效的控制把关。我厂多年的使用实践证明，该国产化环锤极少开裂，耐磨性能良好。
2．2 栅板的国产化进口碎煤机的栅板采用铸钢件，加工后厚度达40 mln，TKK72×114型碎煤机栅板每块长2 819mln，宽约600 m／n，为弧形板，目前我们采用16Mn板材弯制加工而成。该栅板综合机械性能良好，冲击韧性较好，具有一定的耐磨性。我厂多年的使用证明其成本低、不会断裂，使用情况良好。其不足之处是耐磨性能不是十分理想，由于该碎煤机跨度大，栅板稍有磨损就会引起较大振动，因此对栅板耐磨性提出了更高要求，有必要寻求更耐磨、具有足够冲击韧性以适应碎煤机工况的材料制作栅板。
作者地址：宁波浙江北仑发电厂
翻译::
Ring Hammer Crushers vibration and spare part
Zhi-Wen Shi, Zhejiang Beilun Power Plant
Hammer-type coal crusher ring structure shown in Figure 1, the main chamber and the rotor 2 by the machine major components, set in the mounting rod 4 as a broken row of hammer task. The rotor structures prone to large run-time vibration, minimizing the vibration of a coal crusher, debugging and maintenance of key elements. Coal crusher of the machine chamber by a counter-plate, grid plate, retaining plate form. Gate
Plate, counter plate and the hammer itself is a major loss easy to wear pieces. Localization of the reasonable maintenance and spare parts is an important issue.
A coal crusher Vibration Analysis and Countermeasures of coal crusher vibration may come from the following:
(1) base of embedded bolts as well as the depth and solidity against the vibration plate is very important level, a number of severe vibration may loosen from the base.
(2) bearing problem bearing damage, increased clearance, bearing loose bolts will result in increased rotor vibration, bearing operation should be regularly checked to measure clearance.
(3) hammer because of fragmentation and loss of dynamic balance of the foreign body had severe vibration and noise, damage other components in a short time, the replacement of hammer to be carefully weighed, organize and maintain dynamic balance.
(4) the weight of mounting rods also need to maintain dynamic balancing, vibration at certain times it is the reason.
(5) gate gap plate and hammer out the material directly affects the size of particles 2003 (9) degrees, the gap can not be too small, can be adjusted by adjusting the shelves, adjustment, as long as the maximum size of not more than milling system requirements can be.
(6) coupling to maintain good lubrication, the center of deviation to be controlled to the extent permitted.
(7) each coal crusher to be run at a reasonable speed.
(Eight) attention and coal crusher and other structural parts are connected to resonance.
(9) high-power coal crusher wear plates on the grid is very sensitive.
(1o) Practice shows that the entrance of the coal flow on the vibration of large coal crusher, coal crusher capacity of large horizontal span generally larger and wider than the belt conveyor coal drop tube. Span, grid plate rigidity is also poor. General entrance to the coal crusher coal crusher coal are concentrated in the middle grid plate, causing vibration. In view of this situation, we Crushers welding height of about 150 Hm at the entrance of the comb-shaped manifold, under the dense sparse, played a very good in alleviating the effects of vibration.
2 Localization of the main spare parts spare parts coal crusher is mainly hammer, grid panels wear parts, the amount of large, expensive imports from the United States, in order to reduce costs, shorten the procurement cycle, we have cooperation with the factory ring hammer and gate plate made in China.
2.1 The domestic coal crusher hammer hammer of U.S. imports, mostly for the 45 steel forging materials, wood, after investigation, the domestic part of this material with a hammer after quenching hardenability and hardenability are not ideal. Coal crusher hammer poor working conditions, to impact, abrasion, not a crack. We use a high carbon alloy steel 60Si2Mn (also a spring steel), mainly because of its good impact resistance, good hardenability and hardenability, hardness HRC38-quenched
42, the fatigue strength and wear resistance are better. Actual production, the demands for raw materials testing, heat treatment, the final testing session are several important test of effective control checks. I plant to use for many years proved that the localization of hammer little cracking, excellent wear resistance.
2.2 gate board made the gate of imported coal crusher plate with cast steel, processed thickness 40 mln, TKK72 × 114 type coal crusher block length of each gate plate 2 819mln, a width of 600 m / n, as curved plate, we now use 16Mn plate bending processing. Comprehensive mechanical properties of the grid plate well, impact toughness, a certain wear resistance. I plant to use for many years to prove their low cost, no fault, use good. The deficiencies are not very good wear resistance, due to the coal crusher span, grid plate is slightly greater wear and tear can cause vibration, the wear resistance of the gate plate put a higher demand, it is necessary to seek a more tolerant grinding, with enough toughness to meet the conditions of material produced by grinding mechanics grid plate.
Of Address: Ningbo, Zhejiang Beilun Power Plant
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